The electric double bass is a modern reinvention of one of the most iconic and foundational instruments in classical and contemporary music. As musical technology evolves, so does the way we experience and produce sound. Among these innovations stands the electric double bass—a sleek, versatile alternative to the traditional acoustic upright bass. From jazz clubs to symphony halls and rock stages, this instrument has found its place in a wide array of genres. This article explores the origins, design, sound, and significance of the electric double bass in today’s musical world.
What Is an Electric Double Bass?
An electric double bass is a stringed instrument that serves as the amplified version of the acoustic upright bass. Like its acoustic counterpart, it typically features four strings tuned to E-A-D-G and is played using a bow (arco) or by plucking the strings (pizzicato). However, instead of relying on a resonant wooden body to produce sound, it uses electronic pickups to capture string vibrations and convert them into an electric signal, which is then amplified.
The electric double bass belongs to the broader family of bowed string instruments and is often categorized within electric string instruments, alongside the electric violin, viola, and cello. It maintains many aspects of traditional double bass technique and range but allows for a compact body and feedback-resistant performance.
History and Origins of the Electric Double Bass
The electric double bass emerged in the mid-to-late 20th century, spurred by the need for a more portable and feedback-free version of the acoustic double bass. During the 1960s and 1970s, musicians began exploring the use of piezo pickups and magnetic transducers on their upright basses, leading to the creation of completely electric models. One of the pioneering companies in this field was Ned Steinberger’s NS Design, which introduced innovative headless and ergonomic electric bass instruments.
The need for electric versions became especially apparent in jazz, rockabilly, and fusion genres where loud stage volumes often led to feedback issues with acoustic instruments. As a result, boutique luthiers and manufacturers began producing electric double basses with solid or semi-hollow bodies that could accommodate these demanding performance environments.
From experimental jazz projects to commercial music tours, the electric double bass grew in popularity through the 1980s and 1990s. Today, it stands as both a professional studio tool and a stage-friendly instrument embraced by bassists around the world.
Structure and Design of the Electric Double Bass
While the electric double bass retains the scale length of a traditional upright bass—usually around 41.5 to 43 inches—it deviates significantly in body structure. The most notable feature is its minimal or non-existent resonating body. This compact form makes it easier to transport and perform with, especially in tight stage setups or for traveling musicians.
The neck and fingerboard typically remain true to acoustic standards, often featuring ebony or rosewood for the fingerboard. The strings are anchored using a tailpiece and pass over a bridge that is equipped with piezoelectric pickups. Some models may also include magnetic pickups for added tonal versatility.
Body construction materials range from high-quality tonewoods such as maple and spruce to modern composites and carbon fiber. Frames or “bout” mimics may be attached to the instrument to provide ergonomic support and simulate the feel of a traditional bass body during performance.
Compared to electric bass guitars, electric double basses are bowed and held upright, either on a stand or using an endpin. They do not feature frets, requiring advanced intonation skills from the player.
How Does an Electric Double Bass Sound?
The electric double bass offers a flexible tonal range that can be molded to suit various musical settings. Without a resonating body, the raw acoustic sound is nearly inaudible. Instead, the tone comes from the pickups and the amplification system. This allows the player to shape the tone using equalizers, preamps, and effects pedals.
Depending on the pickup type and amplifier used, the electric double bass can produce deep, woody tones that mimic the warmth of an acoustic bass or sharper, more percussive sounds suitable for funk and modern jazz. Piezo pickups deliver a more acoustic-like response, while magnetic pickups offer clarity and punch. Dual pickup systems provide players with the best of both worlds.
Sound dynamics are also influenced by playing technique—arco playing generates a rich, sustained tone while pizzicato delivers a punchy, rhythmic sound. In all cases, the electric double bass allows for feedback-free performance, which is a significant advantage in live and studio environments.
How to Play the Electric Double Bass
Playing the electric double bass requires many of the same skills used with the acoustic version. It is played upright, and the player either uses an endpin to anchor the instrument to the floor or mounts it on a tripod stand. Posture and hand position are critical for accurate intonation and tone production.
Left-hand technique involves shifting up and down the unfretted fingerboard to change pitch. The right hand can pluck the strings for pizzicato playing or use a bow for arco performance. Because of the instrument’s amplified nature, subtle finger movements and bow pressure can greatly influence the resulting sound.
Many players use amplification tools such as preamps, DI boxes, and multi-effects processors to shape their tone. This allows for a vast range of timbres, from classical smoothness to jazz grit or rock punch. Silent practice is another advantage, as many models feature headphone outputs for practice without disturbing others.
Conclusion
The electric double bass is a unique blend of tradition and innovation. By preserving the expressive range of the upright bass while embracing the advantages of modern amplification, it provides a powerful tool for contemporary musicians. From quiet practice to live performance and genre exploration, this instrument opens up a world of sonic possibilities. Whether you’re just beginning your musical journey or seeking to expand your professional sound palette, the electric double bass offers a compelling option for expression and creativity.
